Well, I got metal and hardware to repair the broken parts of the frame.
I started by welding up all the wear pads and slicking them back down to a flat surface. I wouldn't call them great, but they are a whole lot better than a 3/8ths inch air gap.
I was originally going to weld washers in to take the egg shape out of the less damaged hole, but didn't like the loose fit and the potential to wear out again. I ended up using 5/8ths inch shaft collars and welding them up to the backside of the plates on both sides. This gave me a half inch thick wear surface on each side instead of however thick 10 ga steel is.
I then drilled a hole in the replacement plate for the back hole and welded the shaft collar the plate. I then ran the bolt through the repaired front hole to align the back plate and welded it up flush. I upgraded to a Grade 8 bolt that was an inch longer than stock to account for the additional length of the shaft collars, and got everything welded, ground, and painted.
From here, I got the engine and clutch reinstalled, oil refilled and did a test run. Engine started easy and was much less rattly. I got it whole again and did a quick test mow. Unfortunately something is still slipping under enough deck load, but I am not sure if it is the oil contaminated belt or the oil soaked clutch. I left the clutch sitting in a bucket of gasoline for about 24 hours, but it had a pool of oil pour out of it after I took it off the engine so it may need replaced. But hey, it looks nice now.