It's the reverse of a thermoelectric generator. TEG takes a semiconductor joint heated on one end and thermal sink on the other, delta temperature across the joint creates a current. This is what powers the Mars Rover, heat generated by plutonium 238 decaying goes in one end, and cooled at the other end by the very cold Mars 'air'. One gram of plutonium-238 generates approximately 0.5 watts of thermal power. It puts out enough heat that an ingot of the metal glows by its own decay heat. [attachment=0]300px-Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator_plutonium_pellet.jpg[/attachment]
A thermoelectric cooler has two sides, and when DC current flows through the device, it brings heat from one side to the other, so that one side gets cooler while the other gets hotter. The "hot" side is attached to a heat sink so that it remains at ambient temperature, while the cool side goes below room temperature. In some applications, multiple coolers can be cascaded together for lower temperature.
A thermoelectric cooler has two sides, and when DC current flows through the device, it brings heat from one side to the other, so that one side gets cooler while the other gets hotter. The "hot" side is attached to a heat sink so that it remains at ambient temperature, while the cool side goes below room temperature. In some applications, multiple coolers can be cascaded together for lower temperature.