Here's a little input from my end.
When I lowered the car I started with the GTA 16x8" wheels and I had a used pair of factory F-body 245-50 Goodyear Eagles on the rear and I bought some cheapie 225-50-16s for the front. The rears looked pretty fat and the fronts fit well. When they were worn out I bought BFG G-force 225-50 and opted for a "wider" 255-50 out back. I could tell right away that the rear tires looked taller, but also "appeared" not as wide as the 245's. Looking at the car it looks like too much of a difference in height between the 225 and 255. I like a bit of a rake, but I think it's too much. Personally if you have a stock or even slightly lowered ride height, I think the 225 will look too short up front. My car is slammed 4" and I still think it looks too little.
Generally speaking, going from a 50 to a 55 series tire will give a tire a slight different look. Not sure why they do it but the lower the profile the more the manufacturers seem to spread the tread out. If you look at tire specs (tirerack.com is a great resource for getting general measurements) and look at for example a 245-50 and a 245-55 you'll see the OVERALL width of both the tires is 245mm but the TREAD width may be +/- 1/2" skinnier on the 55's. This does a visual trick to the eye as we tend to see the tread as the width, and the tire will appear skinnier. This is also true between manufacturers. On my original Goodyears they spread the tread almost as wide as the section (overall) width. On the BFGs although the section width was 10mm wider than the Goodyears the tread was thinner so the 245's actually appeared wider and that was a little disappointing since the whole idea of the 255 was to get a wider look.
My wheels have 4.5" of backspacing on the 16x8"s. Being that low I have cracked the left side wheel well from hitting a big bump. I also had to grind just a little on rear side of the lower control arms where they would rub slightly. Other than that only rubbing issues is a slight bit in reverse at full lock. We tried clip on wheel weights at first on the inner lips and that didn't go over well at all. Tape on weights only. Again my car is unique because it is so low, yours may not have the same issues I have. Check out my build thread for photos.
I will be running 17x9.5 wheels and 255-40-17s up front when I change some things around. This will include raising the car 1". I've heard with the right backspace you can fit a 275-40-17 on a 9.5" wheel.
If it were me I would either go with all 245 50's or all 255 50's so you can rotate and make your tires last longer. You can go with 245's up front and 255's out back but the inability to rotate which equals funny wear patterns or wearing out tires more quickly just isn't wort the 10mm in width.
On the other hand you could do some more shopping. If you really want a 17, you can make it work on your budget.
Your set-up-
Wheels $196x4= $784
Tires $94 x 4= $376= $1160 total
Found these-
http://www.discounttiredirect.com/direct/findWheelDetail.do?bp=5-120.6&pc=23193&counter=2&wd=17&rw=8
Wheels- $146x4=$584
Tires- 245-45-17 (a good tire height for stock height and 1" lowered cars) $105x4= $420
Total= $1004 - $50 instant rebate = $954 - $30 by using their credit account = $924
That leaves you with $236 to buy your GF/wife some roses and a new dress so you don't get put in the dog house for putting new rims on the car.
Or Chrome-
http://www.discounttiredirect.com/direct/findWheelDetail.do?bp=5-120.6&pc=23192&counter=3&wd=17&rw=8
Wheels- $200x4= $800
Tires- $105x4= $420, Total= 1220 - $50 instant rebate = $1170, only $10 more than what you plan on spending on 16's.
- $30 credit rebate = $1140 now you at least have enough left over to take the GF/wife on a cheap date to smooth her over.
Why buy 2 sets of wheels over the next couple of years? Go with the 17's now, especially if you planned on it for the future anyway, JMO.